Last Wednesday I added to my collection of computers by purchasing a Samsung N210 netbook - a small, low-power, long-life laptop computer.

My primary reason for purchasing such a machine was for a forthcoming holiday, allowing me to backup photographs, video footage, write a journal and connect to the internet. A standard laptop wouldn't fit the bill - the one available to me was just to big and heavy. My smartphone didn't have the connectivity or storage to allow me to get pictures off from SD cards.

So the netbook option seemed to be the logical choice, and after a lot of searching (it's a crowded marketplace), I settled on the Samsung.

This particular model has a white case, a 10.1" 1024x600 matt screen, 250GB hard drive, 1GB DDR2 RAM (expandable to 2GB), Bluetooth, wifi 802.11b/g/n, built-in webcam, SD card reader and 3x USB sockets. The processor is one of the newer Atom N450 1.66GHz models which features an Intel GMA350 graphics chip as well. This processor, compared to the older Atom N270, features significant power reduction meaning battery life is significantly better than the earlier model.

I had to spend a lot of time seriously considering my requirements and trawling through reviews. Quite early on, I settled for a machine with the N450 processor which fortunately narrowed my search. From here though, machines are very similar with little to tell between them.

What settled it for me was that this model had strong reviews and featured the newest WiFi standard. Although I don't operate a 802.11n network just yet, I'm planning an upgrade in the not-to-distant future and it made sense to future proof the machine as far as possible.

As for my impressions now that I'm using the netbook, I'm very happy. The machine is slightly heavier than I anticipated but compared to an inexpensive laptop, it's certainly small and light. It fits in my backpack easily and I think it'll just fit in to my camera bag. The reduced resolution on the screen is noticeable - particularly in the vertical, but small tricks such as auto-hiding the taskbar and running a web browser full-screen offsets that limitation somewhat. Battery life is impressive and I estimate achieving anything between 5 - 7 hours of uptime depending of course on what it's used for. Admittedly this is short of the advertised 11 hours battery life, but still very good.

There's no doubt that the processor is limited, but day-to-day browsing feels sufficiently fast. Standard definition video files play okay from the hard-drive but I did struggle to use BBC iPlayer through Firefox on the supplied Windows 7 Starter. Video playback stuttered and full-screen use was out of the question.

I've configured my machine to dual-boot Windows 7 with Ubuntu Netbook Remix 10.04. I've divided the disk into multiple partitions to accommodate the two operating systems, the restore partition and a shared data partition. I find myself booting more and more into Ubuntu. It feels snappy and iPlayer here is much more successful although full-screen playback is still a struggle.

There are a few niggles with the open source system - after installation there is no wireless connectivity until an update is done via wired ethernet, and some additional software needs to be installed to make some special keys e.g., brightness work. I've also noticed the wireless does not always resume when waking the machine from a sleep state although this is intermittent and a reboot easily fixes it. I also needed to enable multiple desktops using gconf-editor which I think is essential on a limited resolution screen. Now it's configured though, I think it's a very usable and snappy system.

The Windows installation needed some work too. As seems to be the case with bought computer systems, a lot of extra - unnecessary - software was pre-installed. It took some time to install this as part of the initial setup and then more time again to remove it. I'm talking about Microsoft Office 2007 (trial), Microsoft Works, various non-standard games, McAfee virus scanner - all applications that hog disk space and have the potential to slow down the machine. Fortunately once I'd cleared all this I was able to take a snapshot of the system with one of the useful pieces of software - Samsung Recovery Solution 4.

So all-in-all, I think this was a sound choice and I'm looking forward to putting it through it's paces. As well as the uses I mentioned earlier, I will also see how it performs next to my radio equipment - I wonder if it emits a large amount of RF? As it has a large battery life I'm considering how useful it could be for operating a portable PSK amateur radio station. I suspect that it will be like other laptops I've used - on battery it'll be fine. It'll be the mains adaptor that pollutes the spectrum.

At the time of writing, the Samsung N210 was available at Amazon UK for £278 (white model) or £333 (black model).

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Tags: computers, reviews, gadgets, amateur radio

Today seems to be a day of negative digital radio news - and not necessarily entirely accurate news at that. Be warned, I'm going to ramble on for a bit. If you can't be bothered to read it all, I sum up my point at the end.

An Open Letter to Rt. Hon. Ed Vaizey MP

First I read an open letter from Rob Mannion, the editor of Practical Wireless Magazine, which was sent to the Telegraph newspaper aimed for the attention of Mr Ed Vaizey MP and reproduced here:

Dear Sirs: With the right Hon.Ed Vaisey about to make a statement regarding the imposition of DAB radio on Band II v.h.f. radio services, to replace the practical f.m. broadcasts, it is to be hoped that the new coalition government have listened clearly to all the criticisms regarding the impractical technology and the difficulties of receiving DAB radio services on portable equipment using simple antenna systems (a service the public has been used to for many years).

With the much mentioned huge spending cuts announced by the government, it will be unfortunate indeed if pensioners and those out of work should face the prospect of buying new equipment - all made in Far East - that would most likely provide inferior reception.

I implore Mr Vaisey to take the opportunity to repeal the legislation that will force listeners to buy equipment that's not necessary, and at the same time will also send money overseas to support another country's economy. Keep the money that would be spent in the UK, keep the service that works so well on simple portable receivers and enable as many people to carry on enjoying the essential broadcast radio services as before with simple to use receivers that don't require large amounts of power to operate them and work efficiently. With DAB radio on Band II that's certainly not possible.

Please Sir - Dump the DAB on Band II.

Rob Mannion

Editor Practical Wireless magazine
Broadstone
Dorset BH18 8PW

Whilst the theme of the letter may be sound, I find the arguments put forward here to be quite surprising particularly the mention of the source of DAB products - the Far East. I fail to see the issue with electronics being made in foreign countries. It is indeed the case that a significant majority of our products are manufactured outside of the UK and I daresay this is true for analogue radio products. Yes it would be nice for the UK to have a thriving manufacturing industry, but at the moment it simply is not the case. The sale of digital radio products will still occur on these shores however and that will generate revenue for the UK economy.

I also take issue with the inference to expensive digital radio sets. Prices are falling all the time, and a DAB radio receiver can now be had for £20.00. It wasn't so long ago that the lower price was £50.00 and when I first obtained a DAB receiver, it was £100.00. Switchover isn't happening this year or next - it's pencilled in for 2015. That's five years for prices to fall further and for people to gradually replace sets. I'm sure also that as technology improves, so will the power consumption.

It also may be the case that people may choose not to replace some sets. With many digital radio stations broadcasting via digital television some may find that all the radio they need is already available to them in a post TV switchover country. Let's also not discount online radio.

Lastly in respect of this letter, if you're going to emplore a minister to listen to your viewpoint and in an open letter at that, it's probably worth at least spelling his name correctly!

The Daily Mail Jumps On The Bandwagon

The second source of negative reporting comes from that bastion of quality news(!) The Daily Mail.

The news report itself is linked to via Related Links on this entry, but the key points are thus:

• Motorists face a bill of £300 to install digital radios,

• the government is pushing ahead with plans to switch of AM and FM broadcasting,

• 100 million analogue radios will be redundant following switchoff in 2015

• New car head units cost £300; conversion kits cost £100

• Most ordinary homes have 2 or 3 radios

In typical sensationalist journalism, the body of the story contradicts the headline as can be seen in the points above. The headline that motorists will have to pay £300 to replace their radios simply is not true. Let's do some research:

I conducted a quick search through Google UK found a JVC DAB head unit for £148.99 - half the price quoted by the paper. Unfortunately, for a quick search, that was about the only result but one result at half the price is still not £300.00 in my book.

The Mail does mention conversion kits and acknowledges that these are cheaper than head units (there's the contradiction). More research again:

A search for the Pure Highway DAB receiver, which mounts on the windscreen and re-broadcasts a digital station on an FM frequency that any plain old car radio from the last 20 years can receiver, resulted in a number of hits. The cheapest source for this product (from a major known retailer) was Amazon UK at £68.00 - a whole 32% less than the cost of a conversion kit quoted by the Mail.

So we can clearly see that The Daily Mail is simply wrong with it's figures. It's also wrong stating that a switch-off of the analogue bands will happen in 2015 but this is more forgiveable. Major national and local stations are intended to be moved from FM to DAB by 2015. The resulting space on the FM band is earmarked for community stations. A similar prospect is on the cards for AM, but there is an intention to close this by moving community stations found here to FM.

As can be seen from the above paragraph, with FM being used for community stations it does not mean that all analogue radios will become redundant although it's true that the requirement for them will be reduced. There's no reason to fear that these will end up simply trashed though - old radios could be recycled and sent abroad to countries where digital radio has not become established.

So let's take a final look at costs. The article states that most homes have two or three radios (although a later quote mentions four or five, we'll go with the Mail for the purpose of this bit of maths). Let's say that all of these radios are replaced with digital sets. At the cheapest cost of £20.00, that's a replacement cost of £60.00. Adding on a new car head unit at £148.00 results in a total replacement cost of £208.00. Okay, it's still not cheap but that's every radio replaced for less than the cost stated for motorists only.

Going back to my earlier point about other sources of digital radio, we could perhaps assume that only two radios will be needed - one for the kitchen and one for the bedroom with the living room being served by digital television. Take £20.00 off the above total, that's £188.00.

There's five years remaining to replace these radios, so no immediate rush. The cheaper sets could be replaced over the next two years - easy enough by saving £1.70 per month. Then there's a further three years to save for that more expensive car head unit - £4.11 per month assuming prices don't fall.

What's My Point?

Digital radio is here and it's going to stay. I don't think there's any two ways about it, and at the moment 2015 is earmarked as the date when we should be using some form of digital radio as our primary method of receiving radio broadcasts.

DAB has its problems. At the moment, coverage is less than FM and there are issues around audio quality. Yes, receivers currently use more power than FM and yes, they do cost more.

All I ask for though is some perspective. There's five years for problems to be ironed out. Coverage can be improved, power consumption can be improved. Audio quality is subjective but there are solutions to that too (increased bitrates, codec changes), and a good quality DAB signal does provide generally better audio than a poor quality FM signal.

Whilst DAB is digital radio, digital radio is not just DAB. Satellite, cable and online services all provide digital radio and in many cases the audio quality is excellent.

It also occurs to me that perhaps there is some hate for DAB simply because it's not analogue.

I know I'm asking to much of our press, but let's look at the both the pro's and con's of digital radio compared with analogue radio and have a balanced report written in light of the situation we're in now - not as though switch-over is taking place next week and we're all being conned out of our hard earned cash.

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Tags: broadcasting, radio, dab, amateur radio

Following last weeks reports that BBC 6 Music had been given a stay of execution whilst further reviews are carried out; the BBC Trust announced its findings following the strategic review today.

The news is good:

"The Trust does not think a convincing case has been made, as presented, for the closure of 6 Music. The Trust does not agree that there is a consistent strategic rationale for closure on grounds either of promoting digital development or market impact" -- (BBC Strategy Review email 2010-07-05, 17:13).

The announcement that the station would be saved from the axe came at just before mid-day and spread like wildfire, with me becoming alerted to it mid-afternoon following a post by 6 Music on Facebook. The #save6music and #6music hashtags on Twitter have been buzzing and internet message boards have been alive with discussion.

There can be little doubt that the show of support from station staff, listeners, musicians and industry officials had an impact and it's good to see the Trust listen to those which it serves. But whilst 6 Music will not be closing, it's worth noting the following paragraph:

"the proposal has been helpful in highlighting the need for a further review of the BBC's digital strategy. If, as part of that review, the Executive wants to put together a different proposal for the overall shape of its music radio stations that they think could further increase the distinctiveness of the output, we would consider it." -- (BBC Strategy Review email 2010-07-05, 17:13).

This appears to mean that whilst the BBC has failed to put forward a convincing argument for closing 6 Music on this occasion, it does not mean that a new plan cannot be put forward, providing the distinctive output of BBC Radio is maintained.

Bearing that in mind however, today is excellent news for everyone who appreciates what 6 Music does. It's important that we all continue to listen to the station and to show that we do need it. Likewise it's important that 6 Music doesn't stand still and continues to ensure that it fulfils the remit for which we've all argued.

To round-up, I thought that a few quotes from 6 Music presenters would be appropriate. I've also compiled a small number of interesting websites which I've linked to this post.

I have just one thing left to say: Hooray for 6 Music and it's staff, hooray for the BBC Trust and a very BIG HOORAY for the station's supporters!

"A big heartfelt thank-you to all who got behind #save6music. Great day & all down to listener support. In the words of the band Yes: "Yes!" " -- Jon Holmes (@jonholmes1) via Twitter

"Trust report is great initial news received with tentative cheers. A huge thanks to all of you who expressed your love, we send it back x" -- Shaun Keaveny (@Shaun6music) via Twitter

"Just want to say thanks again for all your loveliness. Sort of gone a bit wobbly and overwhelmed here in the studio. X" -- Lauren Laverne (@laverneshow) via Twitter

"I didnt believe it would happen but the BBC has listened to its financiers! The British Public! You 'lot' (1 mil +) have been immense! Ta!" -- Marc Riley (@marcrileydj) via Twitter

"Its Official 6Music is saved. Top work everyone!!! #love6music -- Steve Lamacq (@lamacqshow) via Twitter

"We should do a toast and raise a glass to 6 Music and all who worked so hard to save her! #love6music #save6music #6music - To 6 Music! x" -- @Inside6music (Twitter)

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Tags: broadcasting, radio, 6music

It looks as though the BBC Trust are granting 6 Music a 'stay of execution' whilst further reviews of the service are undertaken.

This is good news. It means that the Trust are not simply going to rubber-stamp Thompson's proposal to close the station which, since the closure was announced, has gained over 1 million listeners and has heard protests from all corners - presenters, musicians, industry officials and listeners.

It doesn't mean it's safe though. This just means that a firm closure announcement is not imminent, but the station could still be at risk. It's important therefore for those who appreciate what the station does, to remain vocal in support and to continue listening. If the figures continue to grow, then the argument for keeping the station is stronger.

Of course, billboards like that in the picture found here: http://twitpic.com/1zj870 are a great idea. Can anyone get any more shown?

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Tags: broadcasting, radio, 6music

Media Guardian reports today that digital radio station NME Radio will close in it's existing form on all platforms; Sky, Virgin Media, Freesat and DAB. The brand will continue solely as an online music stream.

This is bad news for UK radio and DAB in particular. NME was probably the nearest commercial alternative to BBC 6 Music and distinctively different to its rivals. I had this station earmarked as my replacement should the BBC Trust decide to close the threatened network.

What this does show is that commercial radio cannot provide a station even remotely similar to the offerings given by 6 Music. It's a shame that the decision to close NME Radio didn't come a couple of weeks earlier when this could have been used as evidence in the Strategy Review.

Hopefully the BBC Trust will still look at this latest development and see 6 Music for what it is - a station that truly provides what commercial radio cannot; an eclectic mix of alternative, live and archive music from knowledgeable and respected presenters.

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Tags: broadcasting, radio

I've made some slight changes to my magnetic loop aerial. Nothing major, but useful none-the-less.

The original design, as copied from G4ILO, featured a T shaped mast with hooks on the left and right of the top bar to support a loop of RG-213 coax. The biggest problem I found with this was establishing the correct loop shape to create a good match. It was easy to squash or expand the loop which could destroy a previously good match.

To overcome this, I've redesigned the mast to a + shape. The same coax is used for the loop but it is now much more rigid than before meaning if I collapse the aerial and re-assemble it later, I am more likely to maintain a good SWR reading.

Other than that, I've now got a large run of RG58 coax to connect the rig to the aerial meaning positioning is much easier. I've also obtained a better fitting knob for the tuning capacitor. The one I was using was too big for the shaft making it off-centre, wobbly and more difficult to tune.

So what do I have still to do? Well G4ILO's design features an inbuilt SWR indicator which I might incorporate although it's not essential for me at the moment.

I'm still thinking about remote motorised control as well although gears seem to be more complicated than I thought. It is only the gears which are the problem though. The capacitor housing is large enough for a motor which will be connected to a long cable run (as long as the RG58) terminating in a small control box which can set next to the radio. All it needs to incorporate is a momentary push button control to activate the motor and perhaps a variable resistor to control the motor speed.

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Tags: amateur radio, magnetic loop aerial

On 1 April 2010, Ordnance Survey opened up a lot of it's data including a cut-down version of Code-Point - a database of UK postcodes.

Since this data is available free of charge, and has a licence aligned to the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Licence; I decided to download the data and incorporate it into an SQL table for use on this website.

I've now completed the import of the data (1,696,088 records not including code definitions) and have created a webpage which can be used to query this information. A user can input a postcode and have all open data which I have available displayed.

Not only that, but I have also been learning about converting geographical data in to different systems. The Code-Point data provides co-ordinates in the British Coordinate System of six-figure eastings and northings. My new page converts this data into latitude/longitude, National Grid Reference, Worked All Britain (WAB) square and Maidenhead Grid Locator. By having latitude/longitude data, a Google Map can also display a marker showing where a postcode is.

Now I've got a bit of a grasp on how to convert data, I hope to extend the page to accept input of other forms of geographic data and have it convert in the same way. For now though, I'll leave it at postcode only.

There's nothing particularly unique about this. Many sites across the internet allow postcode searches and data conversion. This was essentially a two day project which I decided to do simply because it costs nothing but server space (over 150MiB), I fancied doing some coding and I find this information useful from time-to-time as part of my amateur radio hobby. If anyone else finds this information useful then that is a bonus.

Find the link in the navigation menu, above.

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Tags: this website, amateur radio

Following my comments about the closure of BBC Radio 6 Music and the availability of DAB receivers for use in the car, I decided to do a bit more research.

Whilst my point about the lack of availability still stands, there are options for listening to digital radio on the move. Rather than limiting myself to searching the Halfords website (who do not stock DAB receivers), I made a wider search and did come across receivers available from stores such as Argos, Amazon and John Lewis.

The choice is still limited. There are not many head units available and those that do exist cost significantly more than analogue radio receivers. There is a cheaper option available though - a receiver which re-broadcasts DAB on to the FM band. I picked up one of these units at the weekend ... a Pure Highway.

This is a unit which is about the size of an old Walkman (the cassette tape variety). It has a windscreen mount to hold it in place and takes power from the car 'cigarette lighter' socket. An internal adhesive aerial is provided which sticks to the windscreen or a fixed window. A few controls provide access to tuning, station presets and a settings menu. Feedback is provided by way of a small LCD screen.

Setting up the Highway is very straightforward; it can be tidily installed in 10-20 minutes. I positioned the windscreen mount to the right of the windscreen, ran the power cable through the fuse box cover and through the centre console to re-appear just before the power socket, and stuck the aerial on the rear right passenger window which doesn't open. The aerial cable is tucked in to the trimming above the door surrounds and is only visible when it appears near the mount.

Initial tuning picks up my local multiplexes: BBC National DAB, D1 National and NOW Essex. Unfortunately reception of the latter is not great and even D1 National has problems in certain parts of the county. BBC National DAB is more or less fine apart from one very small area in my daily commute. Whilst I'm happy with this for the time being; I will probably invest in an external aerial which should improve the reception of D1 National at least.

The Pure Highway incorporates an FM transmitter so that digital radio can be heard via an existing car radio. This works particularly well. On first use, the unit scans the FM band for a free frequency and then instructs the user to tune the car radio to that frequency. On my route I have not heard any hiss or breakthrough from neighbouring FM stations. The car radio RDS displays "PURE DAB" when correctly tuned, although it would be nice if it displayed the name of the tuned station.

If your car radio has a line-in socket, there is no need to use the FM transmitter. A line-out socket on the Highway allows direct connection to the car radio which should offer higher sound quality particularly if the FM band is crowded. My car radio doesn't have this though, so I can't test it.

Another handy feature which I haven't yet tested is the presence of a line-in socket. This allows for the connection of an MP3 player and uses the FM transmitter or line-out to send that audio to the car radio. I no longer need my original FM transmitter since the Pure Highway now fulfills that role!

A final feature that could prove very useful is that the Highway is not limited to use in the car. Of course, any FM radio within it's range can receive it's signals so you could convert an existing home radio to hear DAB signals. More than that though, is that it can be used as a portable receiver. By adding a couple of AA batteries and plugging headphones into the line-out socket, the Highway becomes a handheld receiver. I'm using it in this way as I type this, and sitting at my computer I get perfect reception of BBC National DAB and D1 National. NOW Essex is non-existent however. The lead of the headphones is used as an aerial, so how this will work walking about or on the train, I don't know but in theory at least, this saves the need to buy a separate unit for portable listening.

In summary, I'm very happy with my new purchase. It's brought me back in to the world of digital radio, which I vacated back in 2005 with the loss of my first car and it's DAB head unit (which broke). Whilst I maintain my opinion that there are shortcomings to the DAB system used by the UK, I'm happy to be able to receive the digital-only stations which appeal to me ... BBC 6 Music, NME Radio, Amazing Radio, Planet Rock and Absolute Radio (not digital only, but the only alternative here is AM).

The Pure Highway is available from stores such as Amazon, Argos, John Lewis and Play.com for approximately £80

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Tags: radio, dab, gadgets, reviews

Caroline Thompson, Chief Operating Officer at the BBC, has made comments about the closure of BBC 6 Music and changes to BBC 7.

The Guardian report which details these comments is linked below, but I'm drawn to a few quotes from the article:

"The average age of its listeners - 37 - is at the heart of the demographic targeted by commercial radio", she told delegates at a Westminster Media Forum event.

I'm intrigued to know where the commercial alternative is for those within 6 Music's demographic. Around here, alternative music is played on stations such as XFM and Absolute Radio but the diversity of music pales in comparison to the BBC's offering. By closing 6 Music, can I expect new commercial stations to appear or the aforementioned stations to broaden their playlist? I doubt it. I'd like to be proved wrong, but I'd be very surprised if I am.

There were also questions, she said, about whether the BBC should run three popular music stations - Radio 1, Radio 2 and 6 Music.

Can 6 Music really be labelled is a 'popular music station'? It's not exactly playing Cheryl Cole, Pixie Lot and Scouting for Girls is it? A diverse playlist that leads the listener on a journey of musical discovery and appreciation is not popular music. A playlist that gives airtime to the struggling indie artist is not popular music. Yes, okay, there may be some similarities between these three stations particularly when considering the specialist aspects of Radios 1 and 2. The daytime playlist of those two though is unashamedly mainstream and safe.

...the money saved by the closure would be reinvested in radio, with a particular focus on digital services.

It's interesting that 6 Music is a radio station and a digital service. Am I missing the point?

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Tags: broadcasting, radio

I've been further testing my magnetic loop aerial over the last 24 hours, but haven't made any changes to the setup as such.

I did find out why, just before writing my blog yesterday, I couldn't get a good SWR reading despite doing so the day before. Rather foolishly I'd let the bare braid from one end of the RG-213 loop touch the outer contact of the phono plug to which the coupling loop connects to. Whoops! Once I'd realised that, getting a match didn't prove to difficult.

In actual fact, I think I may be getting used to tuning the aerial. I'm having very few problems setting up for 14.070MHz for PSK31 use. 7.035 doesn't match quite as well, but I can still get about 1.75:1 I'm hoping it's possible to get this better by tweaking that coupling loop - either fine tuning it's length or adjusting the shape.

Disappointingly though, I still haven't managed to make any contacts. I've been calling CQ using PSK31 on 20m and 40m, and also using SSB on 40m but to no avail. I'll keep trying but I'm not entirely sure how well my signal is getting out. The only indications I've had that I am transmitting are the appearance of markers on the PSKReporter map which indicate that a monitoring station has heard me. This has happened three times - in Sweden, Germany and Italy.

It does sound promising, but until I exchange some reports I'm really just speculating as to how well this aerial is working for transmission work.

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Tags: amateur radio, magnetic loop aerial